STD: HOW IS GONORRHEA TRANSMITTED?
Gonorrhea is transmitted through sexual contact with a person who is infected, whether or not the infected person has symptoms. The throat, genital area, and rectal area can become infected. Gonorrhea is very easy to transmit through sexual contact. A man who has unprotected genital sex with an infected woman has a 20-30 percent chance of becoming infected. A woman who has unprotected genital sex with an infected man has a 60-80 percent chance of becoming infected.
Gonorrhea is also easily transmitted through anal intercourse, and the rates of transmission for oral sex are similarly high, especially for a man or woman performing oral sex on a man who has gonorrhea. Similarly, if a man or woman has gonorrhea in the throat and performs oral sex on a man, the man receiving oral sex has a high risk of becoming infected in the urethra. However, a man or woman with gonorrhea in the throat performing oral sex on a woman has a lower risk of transmitting gonorrhea to the woman, because the area of the gonorrheal infection (the throat) is not contacted during oral sex with a woman. If the woman who was receiving oral sex from the man or woman had gonorrhea in the genital area, there would be a low risk of transmission as well, because the throat would not come into contact with the genitals or cervix.
Transmission does not occur through inanimate objects, such as towels or toilet seats. Condoms, if they are used consistently and correctly and do not break or leak, will prevent transmission of gonorrhea. Other barrier methods, such as diaphragms and cervical caps, may help prevent transmission to women, but they are not as effective as condoms in preventing infection. Nonoxynol-9 has antibacterial and antiviral properties in addition to being a spermicide, and therefore it may help prevent transmission of gonorrhea, especially if used with a condom.
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